Is your pet's water bowl empty again?
Have you noticed your pet asking to go outside more often?
A well-trained your dog house suddenly started urinating in the house? Or maybe your cat's litter is suddenly overflowing with urine?
Maybe you have to fill the bowl of water three or four times a day instead of once a day.
If you notice these signs your pet may have polyuria (PU) and polydipsia (PD). These are medical terms that means increased urination (urine production) and increased consumption, respectively.
Polyuria and polydipsia (PU/PD) are symptoms of a variety of often serious medical conditions. It is important to have your pet evaluated if these changes arise. It is recommended to catch a urine sample from your pet if possible and bring it with you at your pet's consultation with your veterinarian.
The first steps in determining a cause of PU/PD in your pet is to provide a detailed history including how much your pet has been drinking in a 24 hour period. A physical examination is also important. Blood work and a urinalysis are effective in diagnosing the majority of causes of PU/PD. Sometimes additional, more specialized, tests will be required.
Common causes of PU/PD that affect both dogs and cats include:
Diabetes mellitus – Diabetes mellitus occurs from lack of insulin production or decreased sensitivity to insulin. This results in increased sugar being lost in the urine, which causes increased urine production and subsequently increased thirst.
Kidney disease – this can occur due to a problem in the kidneys' ability to handle waste products or due to protein loss from the kidneys' filtering system. An infection of the kidneys (pyelonephritis) can also be a cause.
High calcium level – this can be caused by many diseases including cancer.
Liver disease/failure – Liver failure secondarily affects the kidney's ability to respond to hormones that help with urine concentration.
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